Model designs for Rain Water Harvesting and Artificial Rechargehave been prepared, which can be useddepending upon the suitability of theterrain.
a. Hilly and Inter-mountainous area-
Percolation Tanks, Modification of Village tanks as recharge structure, Gabion Structure, Contour Bunds (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttrakhand, Sikkim & North Eastern States)
b. Alluvial Area-
Percolation Tanks, Recharge Pits ( Punjab , Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal)
c. Hard Rock Area-
Recharge through Abandoned Dug Wells/ Bore Wells/ Tube Wells, Modification of Village tanks as recharge structure, Gabion Structure,Percolation Tanks (Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala)
The description of these structures along with designs is as under:-
Design of Tank Bund:
The tank bund, for all practical purposes, is a small-sized earthen dam and its design and construction should be carried out in accordance with the principles applicable to earthen dams.
The bunds of a percolation pond may be of three types, i.e.
a. Type A: Homogeneous embankment type
b. Type B: Zoned Embankment Type
c. Type C: Diaphragm Type
Tank bunds in India are mostly of Type A and are constructed with soils excavatedfrom pits in the immediate vicinity of the bund and transported to the bund.
The Common Types of Bunds of Percolation Ponds are shown below